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The Bible is the only book ever to be granted ‘World Heritage’ status by the UNESCO. Its cultural impact on the European Middle Ages has been massive, and has been studied from many perspectives by theologians, historians, literary scholars and others. Still, much remains to do, especially in fields where biblical influences may not be as immediately obvious as elsewhere. This pertains, for instance, to the role of biblical models for the formation of identity and difference, for perceptions of ethnicity and ‘otherness’. How was Christianity as a ‘universal’ religion related to particular communities and identities, and to other religions? The present project seeks to follow this line of research in important respects and from a specific perspective by studying the transcultural setting of the Iberian Peninsula in the eighth to twelfth centuries. Historical approaches to the ‘Book of books’ from a transcultural perspective have so far been rather neglected. What was the relationship of the Bible to other holy or sacred scriptures, for instance the Muslim Qur’ān and the Jewish Tanach and Talmud? How did it influence perceptions of other religious cultures, and their interaction with Christians, in terms of liturgy, historiography, and polemics? Medieval historians have, of course, studied the Latin-Christian imaginary of God, World and Men in the Early and Central Middle Ages. Much needs to be done to compare concepts of time and space, of God’s word and sacred text, or the views of the rest of the World offered by Jewish, Christian, and Muslim scripture, and by texts building on it. These texts’ transcultural entanglement specifically in narrations of exegesis, liturgy or historiography and their medial and material representations need to be assessed. In Iberian frontier societies, the transcendentally-founded normative visions of the respective ‘sacred texts’

Bible and Historiography in Transcultural Iberian Societies, Eighth to Twelfth Centuries