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It is now well established that plasma-induced reactive species are key agents involved in many biochemical reactions. This work reports on the formation of plasma reactive species in an acidified ferrous sulfate (Fricke) solution interacting with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). A yield of ferric (Fe 3+ ) ions measured using  in situ  absorption spectroscopy was attributed to the formation of plasma reactive species provided and/or originated in the solution. The results indicated that the number of reactive species formed was proportional to plasma frequency and voltage. However, the Fe 3+  yield per pulse decreased with increased frequency. To obtain a better understanding of the processes and species involved in the chemical reactions due to plasma exposure, Fe 3+  yields were calculated and compared to the experimental data. At higher frequencies, there was insufficient time to complete all the reactions before the next pulse reached the solution; at lower frequencies, the Fe 3+  yield was higher because of the relatively longer time available for reactions to occur. In addition, the comparison between DNA damage levels and Fe 3+  yields was investigated under different experimental conditions in order to verify the usefulness of both the Fricke solution and the DNA molecule as a probe to characterize APPJs.

Total yield of reactive species originating from an atmospheric pressure plasma jet in real time