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Eucalyptus  trees have been adapted to the Tunisian climate. Now, they need to be economically valued. Tunisian  Eucalyptus  have great technological properties allowing us to use them as wooden material. However, there is large variability in the natural durability between heartwood  Eucalyptus  spp. The wood sustainability assessment provides reliable parameters to predict the service life of wood-based products. This study aimed to evaluate the wood deterioration of four North Tunisian fast-growing  Eucalyptus  spp. ( Eucalyptus maidenii ,  Eucalyptus saligna ,  Eucalyptus camaldulensis  and  Eucalyptus gomphocephala ) exposed to basidiomycetes ( Coniophora puteana  and  Trametes versicolor ) and termite ( Reticulitermes flavipes ) attacks. Among the four  Eucalyptus  woods,  Eucalyptus gomphocephala  presents the highest decay and termite resistance. The four  Eucalyptus  wood species are classified as very durable against fungal degradation and durable against termite attacks, expect for  Eucalyptus saligna  which is classified as sensible against termites. The natural durability of  Eucalyptus  seems to be mainly caused by extractives, and a lot of compounds are involved. Antifungal and anti-termite properties of these compounds were put in perspective with the natural durability of wood. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses highlighted that  Eucalyptus  durability is mostly governed by gallic acid, fatty acid glycerides, fatty acid esters, phenolic compounds, sitosterol, catechin and ellagic acid.

Natural durability of four Tunisian Eucalyptus spp. and their respective compositions in extractives