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The genetic structure of F 2  sporophytic populations after F 1  sunflower pollen storage at low temperature has been studied. Freshly collected pollen was stored at the temperature of 3±1°C for a period of 7–8 days and used to self-pollinate the emasculated F 1  plants. F 2  seeds were germinated at 5±1°C, and then the percentage of seed germination was counted. Germinated and not germinated seeds were separately planted in the phytotron at an optimum temperature. Segregation ratios in F 2  populations for marker traits were analyzed at the stage of the second pair of true leaves. Pollen treatment compared with the control (fresh pollen) significantly changed in F 2  populations monogenic ratios for some marker traits. In some cross combinations, increase in the cold tolerance of F 2  populations was found. Obtained results show that pollen storage at low temperature selectively influences the male gametophytes of F 1  hybrids that change the genetic structure of F 2  populations.

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Selective Elimination of Gametes during Pollen Storage at Low Temperature as a Way to Improve the Genetic Structure of Sporophytic Population for Cold Tolerance