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During curcumin production in Vietnam, curcumin-removed turmeric oleoresin (CRTO) has been considered as a by-product. It costs to treat the by-product to prevent environmental pollution. In this study, the by-product was utilized as an active ingredient for preparing a botanical fungicide-based nano-emulsion and evaluated for its  in vitro  and  in vivo  control efficacy against  Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,  a causal agent of anthracnose of litchi, in the laboratory as well as a field trial. The nano-emulsion is colloidally stable and uniform with particle sizes of 95–250 nm. CRTO nano-emulsion significantly affected various  Colletotrichum  species. Notably, this nano-emulsion showed potent inhibition for the mycelial growth of  C. gloeosporioides  and solidly suppressed the development of anthracnose on litchi fruits. In the  in vitro  inhibition test, the equivalent half-maximal inhibitory concentration of CRTO in nano-formulation was 0.11 mg·mL −1 , which was 3.0× and 6.1× lower than IC 50  values of CRTO alone (0.33 mg·mL −1 ) and a mixture of curcuminoids (0.48 mg·mL −1 ), respectively. In the field trial, the litchi anthracnose infection was effectively controlled by nano-formulation. These results suggest that CRTO nano-emulsion could be used as an alternative to harmful synthetic fungicides to control anthracnose on litchi fruits.

Curcumin-removed turmeric oleoresin nano-emulsion as a novel botanical fungicide to control anthracnose ( Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ) in litchi