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We investigated the effect of polymorphisms in four DNA repair genes,  viz .  RAD18  Arg302Gln (G&gt;A) (rs373572),  XPD  Asp312Asn (G&gt;A) (rs1799793),  APE1  Asp148Glu (T&gt;G) (rs3136820), and  OGG1  Ser326Cys (C&gt;G) (rs1052133) on the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT) in association with smoking, tobacco chewing, and alcohol consumption in a population from Northeast India. The study subjects were comprised of 70 patients suffering from both T2DM and HT and 83 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using ARMS-PCR for  XPD  Asp312Asn (G&gt;A) and PCR-CTPP for  RAD18  Arg302Gln (G&gt;A),  APE1  Asp148Glu (T&gt;G) and  OGG1  Ser326Cys (C&gt;G). The  RAD18  Gln/Gln genotype was found to significantly increase the risk for T2DM and HT by 30 fold. Significant high risk was observed for individuals with  XPD  Asn/Asn- RAD18  Arg/Gln genotypes. Smoking was found to be the single most important independent risk factor for T2DM and HT. This study concludes that  RAD18  Arg302Gln and  XPD  Asp312Asn polymorphisms might increase the risk for T2DM and HT in association with smoking, tobacco chewing, and/or alcohol consumption, while  APE1  Asp148Glu (T&gt;G) and  OGG1  Ser326Cys (C&gt;G) polymorphisms do not contribute to such risk.

biomolecular concepts

Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes increase the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: DNA repair gene polymorphisms in risk for T2DM and HT