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The hemoglobins of two turtles (Testudines)--Chrysemys picta bellii (suborder Cryptodira) and Phrynops hilarii (suborder Pleurodira)--were investigated. In both specimens we found two hemoglobin components with two distinct alpha-chains. The alpha-chains of the component HbD of Chrysemys picta bellii and of the component CII of Phyrynops hilarii belong to the alpha D-type, which has so far been reported to occur only in birds. The complete amino-acid sequences of both alpha D-chains are presented. Our further investigations on hemoglobins of other reptiles (Crocodilia, Lacertilia, Serpentes) did not give any evidence for the expression of alpha D-globin genes in the species examined. These findings are discussed with especial reference to the physiology of respiration. It is supposed that alpha D-genes were of certain significance in earlier times. There are findings suggesting that alpha D-genes are embryonic genes with persistent expression in many adult birds and turtles.

Hämoglobine der Reptilien. Expression von α D -Genen bei Schildkröten, Chrysemys picta bellii und Phrynops hilarii (Testudines)