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Fan Ye’s  Hou Hanshu  (“The Book of Later Han”, 5th AD) devotes a (collective) biographical chapter to the  duxing , i.e. “[men of] singular conduct” (ch. 81, “Duxing liezhuan”), namely twenty-four men singled out for their infallible loyalty, strong sense of friendship or filial piety. This paper attempts to grasp the nature of these moral figures, notably in relation to other biographic categories like hermits and knight-errants, with whom the  duxing  share a number of traits: to some extent, the  duxing  can be understood as tamed variations of such political outsiders; notably, several  duxing  refused employment out of loyalty for the Han regime, in ways reminiscent of hermits or recluses declining to accept office out of moral reasons. The  duxing  chapter is also potentially informative of the moral values of lower social strata such as the regional nobility or even local servants, in supposed contrast with the higher, “Confucian” values of the court and the central administration. A conclusion is that the  duxing  represent a transition category between (late) Han dynasty values and medieval categories. The  duxing  chapter is also instructive in historiographical terms, because the nature of the materials collected gives clues to the methods of the historian.

Les « Hommes singuliers » ( duxing ) dans le Livre des Han postérieurs ( Hou Hanshu , 5 e s. apr. J.-C.)