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This study reconstructs the textual and editorial history of Josh 24 and related texts (most notably Josh 5:2–9 and Judg 2:6–9) as a case study for understanding the ancient editorial processes that produced the Hebrew Bible. It focuses on the documented evidence of editing; that is, variant versions of the same text. An analysis of the differences between the Septuagint (LXX) and the Masoretic text (MT) forms the core of the study, but texts from the Qumran and the Samaritan community are also discussed. Moreover, the relationship between the methods of textual, literary, and redaction criticism is examined, and it is argued that these should be integrated. Accordingly, this study aims at uncovering ancient editorial processes by bringing together many methods and approaches that are too often kept apart. The text-critical analysis demonstrates that the Old Greek version (OG) of Josh 24 was translated from a Hebrew source text differing from the MT. This Hebrew source text and the proto-MT text once split from a common archetype, which can be reconstructed by discerning secondary readings in the OG and the MT. While both traditions contain secondary readings, the OG is earlier in general. The MT particularly exhibits intentional editing guided by nomistic and harmonistic tendencies. This editing, dated to the last centuries BCE, constituted both additions and radical editorial interventions such as omissions of whole verses. The literaryand redaction-critical analysis concludes that the basic text of Josh 24 was a Persian period nomistic text which grew gradually through both small and large editorial interventions. This editorial history can be uncovered with a modest degree of probability when literary and redaction criticism is controlled with information gained from text-critical evidence. However, the study also finds limitations to this methodology, such as the inability to reconstruct earlier omissions and rewriting. Moreover, this study observes that the Samaritan Joshua texts likely reflect a version of Josh 24 which does not yet contain all the secondary additions, offering additional support for the literary-critical model presented in this investigation. Finally, the study refines our knowledge of editorial techniques used by Second Temple Jewish scribes when they created and transmitted sacred texts. Book endings and seams have especially attracted substantial editing. While addition was the most common editorial technique, more radical editorial intrusions were also employed, especially for ideological reasons. The study concludes that substantial changes were made to the texts of the Hebrew Bible even in the late Second Temple period. More research is needed concentrating on these editorial processes and their ideological dimensions in light of the documented evidence.

Uncovering Ancient Editing: Documented Evidence of Changes in Joshua 24 and Related Texts