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It has been reported that Xenopsin, Neurotensin and Substance P change plasma glucagon and insulin levels when they are administered in vivo. In order to clarify whether these agents have a direct effect on glucagon and insulin secretion from the pancreas, the action of each substance was examined by using the rat pancreas perfusion technique. The results were as follows: The perfusion with 1 and 5 nmole/min of Xenopsin for ten minutes resulted in a significant but transient release within two minutes. Neurotensin did not show any stimulatory effect on glucagon release in the concentration of 1 or 5 nmole/min for ten minutes. However, Substance P lowered significantly the glucagon concentration in the perfusate in a similar concentration. None of these substances influenced significantly insulin release from the perfused pancreas. These findings suggest that the hyperglucagonemia caused by these three agents in vivo may not be attributed to the direct effect on the pancreatic A-cell.

Glucagon-Releasing Activity of Xenopsin, Neurotensin and Substance P in the Perfused Rat Pancreas