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In this study carried out to put forward the general characteristics of the history education system implemented in Turkmenistan during the USSR period and the changes made in the history education system after Turkmenistan had declared its independence, the screening model and document review methods were benefited from. As result of the studies carried out on the curriculums and textbooks, it was understood that, as in other republics during the USSR period, there were two kinds of history classes in Turkmenistan being the General History and the History of USRR , and intense political-ideological guidance and various forms of the misuse of history were present in the curriculums and textbooks used during this period. In this period when topics related to the Turkmen history were only present in the scope of the USSR History and were so limited, many historical facts, primarily the Russian occupation of Turkmenistan, were distorted. After Turkmenistan had declared its independence on 27 October 1991, it implemented policies with the aim to get rid of the cultural and ideological influence of the USSR and build the national identity of the Turkmen nation. In this period, the History of Turkmenistan course began to be taught instead of the History of the USSR , and the course of the General History taught in the period of the USSR was taught by reorganising its content and weekly class hours. In this period when the ideological approach present in the history education in the USSR period was given up, the national history education was prioritised and it was attempted to pay regard to nationality-universality, knowledge-skill and value balances in the history education. Despite all these changes, it can be said that the understanding of the homeland history in the new period which took the geographical borders of the USSR period as a basis, historical periodization and the weight of the cult of personality continued to a certain extent in textbooks. Ozet Turkmenistan’da SSCB doneminde uygulanan tarih ogretim sisteminin genel ozellikleri ile Turkmenistan’in bagimsizligini ilan etmesinden sonra tarih ogretim sisteminde gerceklestirilen degisiklikleri ortaya koymak amaciyla gerceklestirilen bu arastirmada  tarama modeli ve dokuman incelemesi yontemlerinden yararlanilmistir. Ogretim programlari ve ders kitaplari uzerinde yapilan calismalar sonucu SSCB doneminde diger cumhuriyetlerde oldugu gibi Turkmenistan’da da Umumi Tarih ve SSCB Tarihi isimleriyle iki cesit tarih dersi okutuldugu, bu donemde kullanilan ogretim programi ve ders kitaplarinda yogun siyasi-ideolojik yonlendirmelerin ve cesitli tarihin kotuye kullanim bicimlerinin mevcut oldugu anlasilmistir. Turkmen tarihiyle ilgili konulara ancak SSCB Tarihi dersi kapsaminda ve cok sinirli olarak yer verilen bu donemde basta Rusya’nin Turkmenistan’i isgali konusu olmak uzere bircok tarihsel gerceklik carpitilmistir. Turkmenistan’in 27 Ekim 1991 tarihinde bagimsizligini ilan etmesinden sonra SSCB’nin kulturel ve ideolojik etkisinden kurtulmaya ve Turkmen ulusal kimligi insa etmeye yonelik politikalar uygulamistir. Bu donemde SSCB Tarihi dersi kaldirilarak yerine Turkmenistan Tarihi dersi okutulmaya baslanmis, SSCB doneminde okutulan Umumi Tarih dersinin de icerikleri ve haftalik ders saati miktarlari yeniden duzenlenerek okutulmustur. SSCB doneminin tarih ogretimine olan ideolojik yaklasimindan vazgecilen bu donemde ulusal tarihin ogretimi on plana alinmis ve tarih ogretiminde ulusallik-evrensellik, bilgi-beceri ve deger dengeleri gozetilmeye calisilmistir. Tum bu degisikliklere ragmen yeni donemde SSCB doneminin cografi sinirlari temel alan vatan tarihi anlayisi, tarihsel donemsellestirme ve ders kitaplarindaki kisi kultu agirliginin belli olculerde devam ettigi soylenebilir.

journal of human sciences

History education in Turkmenistan from Soviet Turkmenistan to the independent republic&lt;p&gt;Sovyet Türkmenistanı’ndan bağımsız devlete Türkmenistan’da tarih öğretimi