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In order to study the risk of disc degeneration under load carriage, an osseo ligamentous FE model of the L4-L5 segment extracted from the validated lumbosacral model L1/S1 was used. Starting from CT images to simplified geometry, many programs and codes were used to simplify the geometry, assemble the mesh and formulate the bony structures of the segment. Abaqus 6.14 was used to pre and post analysis of the FE-model, which included a detailed calibrated model of intervertebral disc (IVD), The range of motion (ROM) curves, the intradiscal pressure, load-strain amount under pure physiological loads were considered for investigation. The model developed in this study considered the holzapfel anisotropy hyperelasticity of the annulus as well as a realistic description of the nucleus geometry, which allowed an improved representation of in vitro and in vivo experimental data during the validation process.

Anisotropic response of the Holzapfel's constitutive model for the lumbar spine considering degenerative conditions