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The heavy metals are pollutants which are non-biodegradable and have bio-accumulation characteristics. Heavy metals vary in their biological function for humans and other organisms, because some of these metals are required in minute concentrations as micro-nutrients for the body to function properly. However, if the threshold limit is exceeded, heavy metals become toxic to the body as they are at the top of the trophic level. The use of Cr(III) has increased in the industries like electroplating, metal finishing, tanning and textiles. The trivalent Cr(III) and hexavalent Cr(VI) species are mostly found in the effluents from these industries and these are very persistent and dangerous in the aquatic environment. Chromium is extremely toxic and has carcinogenic and mutagenic activity. Its effect on health includes severe diarrhea, ulcers, eye irritations, skin irritations and kidney dysfunction and lung carcinoma. It, like other heavy metals, also has the potential to cause harmful effects on plants e.g., decrease in plant growth and changes in plant morphology. Many different techniques for the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals have been developed and used Optimization of Cr(III) Removal from Wastewater Using Thespesia populnea Particles by Response Surface Methodology