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Knowledge about the long-term influences of climate change on the amount of potential carbon (C) sequestration in forest ecosystems, including age-related dynamics, remains unclear. This study used two similar age-sequences of black locust forests ( Robinia pseudoacacia L .) in the semi-arid and semi-humid zones of China’s Loess Plateau to assess the variation in C stocks and age-related dynamics. Our results demonstrated that black locust forests of the semi-humid zone stored significantly more C than did forests in the semi-arid zone, across the chronosequence ( p  < 0.001). The C carrying capacity of the plantations was measured at 166.4 Mg C ha −1  (1 Mg = 10 6  g) in the semi-humid zone, while the semi-arid zone had a capacity of only 79.4 Mg C ha −1 . Soil organic C (SOC) increased continuously with stand age in the semi-arid zone (R 2  = 0.84,  p  = 0.010). However, in the semi-humid zone, SOC declined sharply by 47.8% after the initial stage (5 to 10 y). The C stock in trees increased continuously with stand age in the semi-humid zone (R 2  = 0.83,  p  = 0.011), yet in the semi-arid zone, it decreased dramatically from 43.0 Mg C ha −1  to 28.4 Mg C ha −1  during the old forest stage (38 to 56 y). The shift from being a net C sink to a net C source occurred at the initial stage in the semi-humid zone versus at the old forest stage in the semi-arid zone after reforestation. Surprisingly, with the exception of the initial and later stages (55 y), the patterns of C allocation among trees, soils, understory and litter were not statistically different between the two climate zones. Our results suggest that climate factors can alter the potential amount and age-related dynamics of forest C sequestration.

plos one

Spatial Variation in the Storages and Age-Related Dynamics of Forest Carbon Sequestration in Different Climate Zones—Evidence from Black Locust Plantations on the Loess Plateau of China