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Background  The plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol lowering effects of  Tamarindus indica  extract have been previously described. We have also shown that the methanol extract of  T. indica  fruit pulp altered the expression of lipid-associated genes including  ABCG5 and APOAI  in HepG2 cells. In the present study, effects of the same extract on the release of proteins from the cells were investigated using the proteomics approach.    Methodology/Principal Findings  When culture media of HepG2 cells grown in the absence and presence of the methanol extract of  T. indica  fruit pulp were subjected to 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis, the expression of seven proteins was found to be significantly different ( p <0.03125). Five of the spots were subsequently identified as alpha enolase (ENO1), transthyretin (TTR), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I; two isoforms), and rab GDP dissociation inhibitor beta (GDI-2). A functional network of lipid metabolism, molecular transport and small molecule biochemistry that interconnects the three latter proteins with the interactomes was identified using the Ingenuity Pathways Analysis software.    Conclusion/Significance  The methanol extract of  T. indica  fruit pulp altered the release of ENO1, ApoA-I, TTR and GDI-2 from HepG2 cells. Our results provide support on the effect of  T. indica  extract on cellular lipid metabolism, particularly that of cholesterol.

Tamarindus indica Extract Alters Release of Alpha Enolase, Apolipoprotein A-I, Transthyretin and Rab GDP Dissociation Inhibitor Beta from HepG2 Cells