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Background  Several metastrongyloid lungworms are unreported pathogens in Colombia.  Angiostrongylus vasorum  and  Crenosoma vulpis  target the cardiopulmonary system of domestic and wild canids.  Aelurostrongylus abstrusus  and  Troglostrongylus brevior  infect felids and considering that six wild felid species exist in Colombia, knowledge of feline lungworm infections is important for their conservation. The zoonotic metastrongyloids  Angiostrongylus costaricensis  and  Angiostrongylus cantonensis  can cause severe gastrointestinal and neurological diseases.  Angiostrongylus costaricensis  has been reported in Colombia, while  Ang .  cantonensis  is present in neighbouring countries. Research on the epidemiology of metastrongyloids in Colombia and South America more broadly requires evaluating the role that gastropods play as intermediate hosts in their life cycles. This study assessed the prevalence of metastrongyloid larvae in populations of the invasive giant African snail,  Lissachatina fulica , in Colombia.    Methodology/Principal findings  A total of 609  Lissachantina fulica  were collected from 6 Colombian municipalities. The snails were then cryo-euthanized, artificially digested and the sediments examined microscopically for the presence of metastrongyloid larvae. Based on morphological characteristics 53.3% (56/107) of the snails from Puerto Leguízamo (Department of Putumayo) were infected with  Ael .  abstrusus  larvae, 8.4% (9/107) with  Ang .  vasorum  larvae, 6.5% (7/107) with  T .  brevior  larvae and 5.6% (6/107) with  C .  vulpis  larvae, being the region with highest prevalences of the four species. Snails from Andes (Department of Antioquia) and Tulúa (Department of Valle del Cauca) were positive for  Ang .  vasorum  larvae with a prevalence of 4.6 (11/238) and 6.3% (4/64), respectively. Species identifications were confirmed by PCR and sequencing.    Conclusions/Significance  This epidemiological survey reports for first time the presence of  Ael .  abstrusus ,  T .  brevior ,  C .  vulpis  and  Ang .  vasorum  in  L .  fulica  in a number of regions of Colombia.

plos neglected tropical diseases

The invasive giant African snail Lissachatina fulica as natural intermediate host of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Angiostrongylus vasorum, Troglostrongylus brevior, and Crenosoma vulpis in Colombia