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The protected natural areas of Ecuador face several environmental threats; grazing is one of them in several national parks (NP) including the Cotopaxi National Park (CNP). National Park managers are proposing action alternatives to reduce grazing env iro mental impact while promoting social and economic development of cattle ranchers and the oth r stakeholders. For the success of any of these actions, as much consensus as possible is needed am ong all involved stakeholders. In this paper, the Analytical Network Process (ANP) is used to modeling the decision problem and helping stakeholders to participate assessing the s ustainability of the solution alternatives. In the pr sented methodology, a panel of experts in natural areas ma nagement was arranged to determine the decision model i.e. the network of criteria and alternatives structured into clusters. Ten criteria were set in 6 clusters: 3 environmental -atmospheric, soil and wa ter contamination-, 1 social, 1 economic and 1 clus ter of alternatives. The alternatives, included in the revision of the NP management plan, were: Physical delimitation of the park and control of the enterin g livestock, Development of productive alternatives to grazing, and Pasture subsidies. The findings confirm that stakeholders hold differe nt interests, approaches to sustainability and sensitivities. After ANP all stakeholders understan d better their interests and the others’. Thus, an improved participation is obtained and consensus or at least general agreements are more likely. Also a better commitment to the overall objective is achie ved as the decision model facilitates improving the alternatives design in order to lessen the possible burdens for specific stakeholders or the environme nt.

Assessing the Sustainability of Grazing in Protected Natural Areas by Means of the ANP: A Case Study In the Cotopaxi National Park (Ecuador)