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Regulating system voltage reduces the power losses in transmission line. The tap changer on the power transformer and capacitor bank are the most effective way to regulate the system voltage. However, a trial and error mechanism using the power flow method to determine the value of tap settings and bank capacitors in conventional method consume a lot of time and it is far from optimize value. This study provides an optimized value based on the shark smell algorithm for the tapping transformers and bank capacitors of the system. There are several combination carried out in this work i.e. optimizations only for tap setting of transformer, bank capacitor optimization, and optimization for both tap setting and bank capacitor values. The 150 kV electrical system of Central Java and Yogyakarta has been become the object of work. The active power losses with a conventional adjustment is 107.818 MW. As the initial value of bank capacitor is 25 MVar, no reduction of power losses is obtained as bank capacitor optimization is executed, because the original value of bank capacitors in the system has been optimum already. Better results are obtained when the optimization only for tap setting and the optimization for both tap setting and bank capacitor. This two combination make power losses become 67.3% from the initial losses. In other words, the use of Shark Smell algorithm in optimization provides 32.7% active power losses reduction. Based on the experimental value, the results show that the shark smell algorithm can provide better optimization for the 150 kV electrical system.

Improvement power losses using bank capacitors and tap changers with the shark smell algorithm