English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

On a 4-stroke engine, valve work and function have a very big influence on engine performance and characteristics. To improve engine performance, one of them is by way of bore up. This study aims to determine and compare the performance of a standard 4 stroke 105 cc engine before and after bore ups, stroke ups and the use of racing valves in testing power (P), torque (T) and fuel consumption (mf). This research method uses a 4 stroke 105 cc standard engine and a 150 cc bore up engine with a variety of standard and racing valves. The testing method uses the throttle method spontaneously from 4000 rpm to 1100 rpm and the throttle method per 1000 rpm from 4000 rpm then is increased to 8000 rpm gradually. Data taken in this study are torque (T), power (P), and fuel consumption (mf). The results showed that by changing the volume of the cylinder (bore up) by using variations of the racing valve can significantly improve engine performance. The average value of the percentage increase in torque power and fuel consumption compared to the results on a standard 4-stroke engine. On a standard 105 cc engine for 8000 rpm engine speed, 4.63 (N.m) of torque, 3.90 (kW) of power obtained and 0.879 (kg/h) of fuel consumption. In a semi racing engine at 8000 rpm, torque is 9.45 (N.m)(104,10%), power is 8.13 (kW)(108,46%) and fuel consumption is 1.118 (kg/h)(27%). In a full 150 cc racing engine for 8000 rpm engine speed the torque is 12.87 (N.m)(177,97%), the power is 10.79 (kW)(176,67) and fuel consumption is 1.116 (kg/h)(26,96%).

Experimental Study on the Effect of Bore Up, Stroke Up, and the Use of Valves on 105 cc Engine Perfomance