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The aim of the study was to determine the bird diversity in an essential ecological area, Suwi river, Muara Ancalong, Kutai Timur, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. The observation was performed at 5 locations using direct observation at two different times, 06.00-09.00 AM and 15.00-18.00 PM (Indonesia Central Standard Time-eight hours ahead or UTC+8 of GMT) from April 2017 to March 2018. The results stated that 63 species from 28 family were found with diversity index was 3.56. Fifteen birds species have a protected status according to PP no. 7 tahun 1999 (Government regulation document number 7 year 1999) about the preservation of plants and animals, while six species are in appendix two and one species is included in appendix one of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered (CITES). Appendix one includes species threatened with extinction. Trade in specimens of these species is permitted only in exceptional circumstances. Meanwhile, appendix two includes species not necessarily threatened with extinction, but in which trade must be controlled in order to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. In addition, four species were of vulnerable status according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This study provides information regarding the biodiversity of birds in an essential ecological area and contributes useful base line data for conservation activities.

Bird diversity of the wetland area in Suwi river, Muara Ancalong, Kutai Timur, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia