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Background:The main aim of this study was to evaluate whether selected polymorphic variants in genes from the inflammatory pathway can be predictors of pulmonary or digestive manifestation of cystic fibrosis, as well as of severity of lung disease.Materials and methods:Using pyrosequencing and sequencing we have genotyped   12   variants   in  TNF  (rs361525, rs1800629),  CXCL8  (rs4073, rs2227306, rs2227307, rs188378669),  IL1B  (rs16944, rs1143634, rs1142639, rs1143627),  IL6  (rs1800795) and  IL10  (rs1800896) genes in a cohort of 55 Polish patients with diagnosed cystic fibrosis and controls. In our study group, a pulmonary manifestation of disease revealed 44 of subjects (80%), and digestive symptoms dominated in 11 (20%) of analyzed individuals. Severe lung dysfunction has occurred in 20 (36.4%) of patients.Results:We proved, that two promoter variants of  IL1B,  rs1143627 (c.-118G &gt; A) and rs16944 (c.-598T &gt; C) are presented significantly more often  in patients with severe character of lung disease compared to mild (82.5%  vs . 62.8%, p-value 0.030, and 87.5%  vs.  64.3%, p-value 0.008, respectively) in cystic fibrosis course. Haplotype AC formed by both changes had also a higher frequency (80%) in patients with severe course compared to the mild character (61.4%) of disease. However, the frequency of promoter variant  TNF  c.-308C &gt; T (rs1800629) was presented at a significantly lower level in the patient’s group compared to healthy controls (2.7%  vs.  15%, p-value 0.001). Furthermore, the presence of methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  significantly correlated with the lower FEV1% in patients (p-value 0.01).Conclusions:   Genetic variants, rs1143627 and rs16944, of    IL1B  are promising candidates as predictors of the severe character of lung disease in Polish patients with cystic fibrosis.

IL1B gene variants, but not TNF, CXCL8, IL6 and IL10, modify the course of cystic fibrosis in Polish patients.