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Romania owns almost 30% of European natural resources for balneotherapy/health resort medicine consisting in climate (relief, hydrology and vegetation, including salt mines and caves microclimate), mineral/thermal waters (for bathing and drinking cure), mud/peat and gases. Climate is temperate continental with four distinct seasons. The average annual temperature is 11°C (52°F) in the south and 8°C (46°F) in the north. Precipitation levels are over 750 mm/year with regional variation, for example in the south-central parts levels are around 600 mm/year and in the Danube Delta, rainfall levels are very low-around 370 mm/year. Romanian relief is distributed roughly equally between mountainous, hilly and lowland territories. Disposure of relief is enriched by an enormous number of springs and specific vegetation. Romania has different types of mineral/thermal waters: oligomineralized, alkaline, salty, sulfurous, magnesium, metallic, thermal waters, all of them with different chemical composition. Mineral or thermal water are used for drinking cure, bathing cure, aerosols, and gynecological applications. Mud is one element of nature having immense impact on the human body in health as well as in sickness. Mud is made from substances formed in natural conditions under the influence of geological processes and which in smoothly divided state and in mixture with water are used in medical practice as mud bath or local procedures. (ISMH). Some of the healing effects of the mud are known empirically from the antiquity, others have been described and studied recenty, others have remained even today at the stage of sumarry explanation. Gases are represented by emanation of dry carbon dioxide named mofeta and of hydrogen sulphide named sulphatarium used for vascular and condroprotectiv effects. Balneoclimatology is a part of medical specialisation in rehabilitation and physical medicine. Admission in specialisation is made after a national contest and education lasts four years. Rehabilitation using natural therapeutic factors is equaly: traditional and contemporary. After 1990, Romania inherited a health system funded by state, type Semashko, the decision-making process was completely centralized, with no

STATE OF ART OF BALNEOTHERAPY / THERMALISME IN ROMANIA