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Polypyrimidine tract-binding proteins (PTBPs) are RNA binding proteins that regulate a number of posttranscriptional events. Human PTBP1 transits between the nucleus and cytoplasm and is thought to regulate RNA processes in both. However, information about  PTBP1  mRNA isoforms and regulation of PTPB1 expression remains incomplete. Here we mapped the major  PTBP1  mRNA isoforms in HEK293T cells and identified alternative 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (5′-UTRs, 3′-UTRs), as well as alternative splicing patterns in the protein coding region. We also assessed how the observed  PTBP1  mRNA isoforms contribute to PTBP1 expression in different phases of the cell cycle. Previously,  PTBP1  mRNAs were shown to crosslink to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3). We find that eIF3 binds differently to each  PTBP1  mRNA isoform in a cell cycle dependent manner. We also observe a strong correlation between eIF3 binding to  PTBP1  mRNAs and repression of PTBP1 levels during the S phase of the cell cycle. Our results provide evidence of translational regulation of PTBP1 protein levels during the cell cycle, which may affect downstream regulation of alternative splicing and translation mediated by PTBP1 protein isoforms.

PTBP1 mRNA isoforms and regulation of their translation