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As the population ages, more elderly patients are undergoing surgery. An increasing number of patients with heart disease are undergoing noncardiac surgery, and guidelines for perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management for patients undergoing noncardiac surgery have become necessary. The Committee on Preparation for “the Guidelines for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management for Noncardiac Surgery”, which was established in 2001 at the request of the Scientific Committee of the Japanese Circulation Society, published the first edition of the guidelines in 2002. While the ACC/AHA Guidelines for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery highlighted the perioperative management of patients with ischemic heart disease, our guidelines were intended to comprehensively describe ischemic heart disease and other common heart diseases which physicians often encounter during noncardiac surgery, and include risk management during pregnancy and delivery. In the present guidelines, the evidence and general agreement on the efficacy of diagnostic and treatment procedures are classified into Class I to III to help practitioners use the guidelines efficiently. Class I: Conditions for which there is evidence for and/or general agreement that the procedure/treatment is useful. Class II: Conditions for which there is conflicting evidence regarding the usefulness of a procedure/treatment. Class IIa: Weight of opinion is in favor of usefulness. Class IIb: Usefulness is less well established by evidence. Class III: Conditions for which there is evidence and general agreement that a procedure/treatment is not useful.

Guidelines for Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management for Noncardiac Surgery (JCS 2008) - Digest Version -