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BACKGROUND: Central Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) is the gold-standard measure of arterial stiffness and an important clinical parameter for evaluating cardiovascular risk. The most frequently used measure of central PWV is carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV); however, cfPWV may be unsuitable for use in patients who are obese, have had an ischemic stroke, or those with advanced carotid artery atherosclerosis. A potential alternative is heart-femoral PWV (hfPWV), which is simpler to conduct as the measurement does not require assessment of the carotid artery. The aims of this study were to determine (1) the strength of the association between cfPWV and hfPWV; and (2) determine whether change in cfPWV is associated with change in hfPWV. METHODS: Thirty healthy participants (23.5 y ± 2.9, 53% F, BMI 24.1 ± 2.3) were recruited for Aim 1, and 20 participants (24.1 ± 3.1, 55% F, BMI 23.9 ± 2.5) for Aim 2. Using Doppler ultrasound, cfPWV was measured using the foot-foot method on ECG-gated doppler waveforms captured from the common carotid and superficial femoral arteries. hfPWV was measured using the R wave to the foot of the superficial femoral artery doppler waveform. To induce change in cfPWV (Aim 2) the upper leg was occluded to 60 mm Hg. To estimate inter-individual associations between cfPWV and hfPWV (Aim 1), Pearson‘s product moment correlation was used. To estimate intra-individual associations between change (cuff vs. baseline) in cfPWV and change in hfPWV (Aim 2), the repeated measures correlation package for R was used. RESULTS: There was a large positive correlation (r = 0.72, 95% CI 0.48-0.86, P < 0.001,) between hfPWV and cfPWV (Aim 1). There was also a large positive correlation between change in cfPWV and change in hfPWV (r = 0.83, 95% CI 0.61-0.93, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The current findings indicate that cfPWV and hfPWV are strongly associated, and that change in cfPWV is strongly associated with change in hfPWV.

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