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Defect cavities in 3D photonic crystal can trap and store light in thesmallest volumes allowable in dielectric materials, enhancing non-linearitiesand cavity QED effects. Here, we study inverse rod-connected diamond (RCD)crystals containing point defect cavities using plane-wave expansion andfinite-difference time domain methods. By optimizing the dimensions of thecrystal, wide photonic band gaps are obtained. Mid-bandgap resonances can thenbe engineered by introducing point defects in the crystal. We investigate avariety of single spherical defects at different locations in the unit cellfocusing on high-refractive-index contrast (3.3:1) inverse RCD structures;quality factors (Q-factors) and mode volumes of the resonant cavity modes arecalculated. By choosing a symmetric arrangement, consisting of a single spheredefect located at the center of a tetrahedral arrangement, mode volumes < 0.06cubic wavelengths are obtained, a record for high index cavities.

Modelling Defect Cavities Formed in Inverse Three-Dimensional Rod-Connected Diamond Photonic Crystals