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The next-generation High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard reduces the bit rate by 44% on average compared to the previous-generation H.264 standard, resulting in higher encoding complexity. To achieve normal video coding in power-constrained devices and minimize the rate distortion degradation, this paper proposes a hierarchical complexity control algorithm for HEVC on the basis of the coding unit depth decision. First, according to the target complexity and the constantly updated reference time, the coding complexity of the group of pictures layer and the frame layer is allocated and controlled. Second, the maximal depth is adaptively assigned to the coding tree unit (CTU) on the basis of the correlation between the residual information and the optimal depth by establishing the complexity-depth model. Then, the coding unit smoothness decision and adaptive low bit threshold decision are proposed to constrain the unnecessary traversal process within the maximal depth assigned by the CTU. Finally, adaptive upper bit threshold decision is used to continue the necessary traversal process at a larger depth than the maximal depth of allocation to guarantee the quality of important coding units. Experimental results show that our algorithm can reduce the encoding time by up to 50%, with notable control precision and limited performance degradation. Compared to state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed algorithm can achieve higher control accuracy.

Hierarchical complexity control algorithm for HEVC based on coding unit depth decision