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Currently, the health benefits of probiotic bacteria are well known, and this has taken up a great deal of space in food science and health, both research and operational. On the other hand, anti-biofilm properties on food pathogens in the food and pharmaceutical industries have created an attractive challenge. This study aimed to describe the inhibitory activity of cell-free supernatants (CFS), planktonic cells, and biofilm form of lactobacilus strains ( L. rhamnosus and L. plantarum ) against food pathogens such as  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  and  Listeria monocytogenes . Anti-bacterial activities of the CFS of lactobacillus strains were assessed by the microplate method and via violet staining. Evaluation of the antagonistic activity of planktonic cells and biofilm of LAB were performed by the spread plate method. The results showed the incubation time of 48 h was the best time to produce biofilm. Although the planktonic states reduce the pathogens bacterial about 1 –1.5 log, but in biofilm forms, decreased  L. monocytogenes  about 4.5 log compared to the control, and in the case of  P. aeruginosa , a growth reduction of about 2.13 log was observed. Furthermore, biofilm formation of  L. monocytogenes  in the presence of  L. rhamnosus  cell-free supernatant was more weakly than  L. plantarum  CFS, but their CFS effect on reducing the bacterial population of  P. aeruginosa  was the same. According to the study, biofilm produced by probiotic strains can be considered a new approach for biological control. Also, cell-free supernatant can be used as postbiotic in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Biofilm formation and antagonistic activity of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (PTCC1712) and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (PTCC1745)