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F17 fimbriae are produced by pathogenic  Escherichia coli  involved in diarrhea and septicemia outbreaks in calves and lambs. These proteins result from the expression of four different clustered genes, namely  f17A ,  f17D ,  f17C  and  f17G , encoding a pilin protein, a periplasmic protein, an anchor protein and an adhesin protein, respectively. Several variants of  f17A  and  f17G  genes have been reported and found genetically associated with typical virulence factors of bovine pathogenic  E. coli  strains. In this study, a new F17e-A variant, closely related to F17b-A, was identified from a collection of 58  E. coli  isolates from diarrheic calves in Iran. While highly prevalent in Iranian F17-producing clinical isolates from calves, this variant was rare among  E. coli  from a French healthy adult bovine population, suggesting a possible association with virulence. The  f17Ae  gene was also found in the genome of the Shiga-like toxin variant Stx 1d –producing bovine  E. coli  strain MHI813, and belonged to a gene cluster also encoding a new F17-G3 variant, which greatly differed from F17-G1 and F17-G2. This gene cluster was located on a pathogenicity island integrated in the tRNA  pheV  gene. The gene coding for a third new F17f-A variant corresponding to a combination of F17c-A and F17d-A was also identified on the pVir68 plasmid in the bovine pathogenic  E. coli  strain 6.0900. In conclusion, we identified three new F17-A and F17-G variants in cattle  E. coli , which may also have significant impact on the development of new diagnostics and vaccination tools.

Identification and detection of three new F17 fimbrial variants in Escherichia coli strains isolated from cattle