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https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

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Mosquitoes of the genus  Aedes  are the main vectors of many viruses, e.g. dengue and Zika, which affect millions of people each year and for which there are limited treatment options. Understanding how  Aedes  mosquitoes tolerate high viral loads may lead to better disease control strategies. Elucidating endogenous viral elements (EVEs) within vector genomes may give exploitable biological insights. Previous studies have reported the presence of a large number of EVEs in  Aedes  genomes. Here we investigated if flavivirus EVEs are conserved across populations and different  Aedes  species by using ~ 500 whole genome sequence libraries from  Aedes aegypti  and  Aedes albopictus , sourced from colonies and field mosquitoes across continents. We found that nearly all flavivirus EVEs in the  Ae. aegypti  reference genome originate from four separate putative viral integration events, and that they are highly conserved across geographically diverse samples. By contrast, flavivirus EVEs in the  Ae. albopictus  reference genome originate from up to nine distinct integration events and show low levels of conservation, even within samples from narrow geographical ranges. Our analysis suggests that flaviviruses integrated as long sequences and were subsequently fragmented and shuffled by transposable elements. Given that EVEs of  Ae. aegypti  and  Ae. albopictus  belong to different phylogenetic clades and have very differing levels of conservation, they may have different evolutionary origins and potentially different functional roles.Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-04828-w.

parasites and vectors

Flavivirus integrations in Aedes aegypti are limited and highly conserved across samples from different geographic regions unlike integrations in Aedes albopictus