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Background  The emergence of tick-borne disease is increasing because of the effects of the temperature rise driven by global warming. In Turkey, 19 pathogens transmitted by ticks to humans and animals have been reported. Based on this, this study aimed to investigate tick-borne pathogens including  Hepatozoon  spp.,  Theileria  spp.,  Babesia  spp.,  Anaplasma  spp.,  Borrelia  spp., and  Bartonella  spp. in tick samples ( n  = 110) collected from different hosts (dogs, cats, cattle, goats, sheep, and turtles) by molecular methods.    Methods  To meet this objective, ticks were identified morphologically at the genus level by microscopy; after DNA isolation, each tick sample was identified at the species level using the molecular method. Involved pathogens were then investigated by PCR method.    Results  Seven different tick species were identified including  Rhipicephalus sanguineus ,  R. turanicus ,  R. bursa ,  Hyalomma marginatum ,  H. anatolicum ,  H. aegyptium , and  Haemaphysalis erinacei . Among the analyzed ticks,  Hepatozoon  spp.,  Theileria  spp.,  Babesia  spp., and  Anaplasma  spp. were detected at rates of 6.36%, 16.3%, 1.81%, and 6.36%, respectively while  Borrelia  spp. and  Bartonella  spp. were not detected.  Hepatozoon  spp. was detected in  R. sanguineus  ticks while  Theileria  spp. , Babesia  spp., and  Anaplasma  spp. were detected in  R. turanicus  and  H. marginatum . According to the results of sequence analyses applied for pathogen positive samples,  Hepatozoon canis ,  Theileria ovis ,  Babesia caballi , and  Anaplasma ovis  were identified.    Conclusion   Theileria ovis  and  Anaplasma ovis  were detected for the first time to our knowledge in  H. marginatum  and  R. turanicus  collected from Turkey, respectively. Also,  B. caballi  was detected for the first time to our knowledge in ticks in Turkey.

Molecular investigation of bacterial and protozoal pathogens in ticks collected from different hosts in Turkey