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The increasing resistance to currently available insecticides in the malaria vector,  Anopheles  mosquitoes, hampers their use as an effective vector control strategy for the prevention of malaria transmission. Therefore, there is need for new insecticides and/or alternative vector control strategies, the development of which relies on the identification of possible targets in  Anopheles . Some known and promising targets for the prevention or control of malaria transmission exist among  Anopheles  metabolic proteins. This review aims to elucidate the current and potential contribution of  Anopheles  metabolic proteins to malaria transmission and control. Highlighted are the roles of metabolic proteins as insecticide targets, in blood digestion and immune response as well as their contribution to insecticide resistance and  Plasmodium  parasite development. Furthermore, strategies by which these metabolic proteins can be utilized for vector control are described. Inhibitors of  Anopheles  metabolic proteins that are designed based on target specificity can yield insecticides with no significant toxicity to non-target species. These metabolic modulators combined with each other or with synergists, sterilants, and transmission-blocking agents in a single product, can yield potent malaria intervention strategies. These combinations can provide multiple means of controlling the vector. Also, they can help to slow down the development of insecticide resistance. Moreover, some metabolic proteins can be modulated for mosquito population replacement or suppression strategies, which will significantly help to curb malaria transmission.

Anopheles metabolic proteins in malaria transmission, prevention and control: a review