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Background  In order to provide personalized treatment to patients with breast cancer, an accurate, reliable and cost-efficient analytical technique is needed for drug screening and evaluation of tumor response to chemotherapy.    Methods  Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used as a tool to assess cancer cell response to chemotherapy. MCF-7 cells (human breast adenocarcinoma cell line) were treated with different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The inhibition of cell proliferation was monitored by MTT, and apoptosis rates were determined by flow cytometry. Finally, spectra of the cell populations were acquired by ATR-FTIR.    Results  The cell response to 5-FU was detectable at different concentrations by ATR-FTIR. First, a band observed at 1741 cm −1 , representing membrane phospholipids, was enhanced with increasing 5-FU concentrations. In addition, the MCF-7 cell spectrum shifted progressively from 1153 to 1170 cm −1  with increasing drug doses. Finally, the normalized band intensity of 1741 cm −1 /Amide I was highly correlated with the percentage of apoptotic cells as assessed by partial correlation analysis.    Conclusions  These findings suggest that the effects of different concentrations of drugs can be monitored by ATR-FTIR, which may help evaluate the response to chemotherapy and improve treatment strategies.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the distinction of MCF-7 cells treated with different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil