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Background  Retention of agricultural bio-mass residues without proper treatment could affect the subsequent plant growth. In the present investigation, the co-cultivation of genetically engineered  T. asperellum  and  B.   amyloliquefaciens  has been employed for multiple benefits including the enrichment of lignocellulose biodegradation, plant growth, defense potential and disease resistance.    Results  The  Vel1  gene predominantly regulates the secondary metabolites, sexual and asexual development as well as cellulases and polysaccharide hydrolases productions. Overexpression mutant of the  Trichoderma asperellum Vel1  locus (TA OE- Vel1 ) enhanced the activity of FPAase, CMCase, PNPCase, PNPGase, xylanase I, and xylanase II through the regulation of transcription regulating factors and the activation of cellulase and xylanase encoding genes. Further, these genes were induced upon co - cultivation with  Bacillus amyloliquefaciens  (BA) .  The co-culture of TA OE- Vel1  + BA produced the best composition of enzymes and the highest biomass hydrolysis yield of 89.56 ± 0.61%. The co-culture of TA OE- Vel1  + BA increased the corn stover degradation by the secretion of cellulolytic enzymes and maintained the C/N ratio of the corn stover amended soil. Moreover, the TA OE- Vel1  + BA increased the maize plant growth, expression of defense gene and disease resistance against  Fusarium verticillioides  and  Cohilohorus herostrophus .    Conclusion  The co-cultivation of genetically engineered T.  asperellum  and  B.   amyloliquefaciens  could be utilized as a profound and meaningful technique for the retention of agro residues and subsequent plant growth.

microbial cell factories

Co-culture of Vel1-overexpressed Trichoderma asperellum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: An eco-friendly strategy to hydrolyze the lignocellulose biomass in soil to enrich the soil fertility, plant growth and disease resistance