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Background  Resistance to traditional antifungal agents is a considerable health problem nowadays, aggravated by infectious processes related to biofilm formation, usually on implantable devices. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new antimicrobial molecules, such as natural products, to develop new therapeutic strategies to prevent and eradicate these infections. One promising product is propolis, a natural resin produced by honeybees with substances from various botanical sources, beeswax and salivary enzymes. The aim of this work was to study the effect of a new Spanish ethanolic extract of propolis (SEEP) on growth, cell surface hydrophobicity, adherence and biofilm formation of  Candida glabrata , a yeast capable of achieving high levels of resistance to available anti-fungal agents.    Methods  The antifungal activity of SEEP was evaluated in the planktonic cells of 12 clinical isolates of  C. glabrata.  The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of propolis was determined by quantifying visible growth inhibition by serial plate dilutions. The minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) was evaluated as the lowest concentration of propolis that produced a 95% decrease in cfu/mL, and is presented as MFC 50  and MFC 90 , which corresponds to the minimum concentrations at which 50 and 90% of the  C. glabrata  isolates were inhibited, respectively. Influence on cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) was determined by the method of microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons (MATH). The propolis effect on adhesion and biofilm formation was determined in microtiter plates by measurement of optical density (OD) and metabolic activity (XTT-assay) in the presence of sub-MIC concentrations of SEEP.    Results  SEEP had antifungal capacity against  C. glabrata  isolates, with a MIC 50  of 0.2% (v/v) and an MFC 50  of 0.4%, even in azole-resistant strains. SEEP did not have a clear effect on surface hydrophobicity and adhesion, but an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation was observed at subinhibitory concentrations (0.1 and 0.05%) with a significant decrease in biofilm metabolism.    Conclusions  The novel Spanish ethanolic extract of propolis shows antifungal activity against  C. glabrata , and decreases biofilm formation. These results suggest its possible use in the control of fungal infections associated with biofilms.

Antifungal and anti-biofilm activity of a new Spanish extract of propolis against Candida glabrata