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Background  African trypanosomiasis affects both humans and livestock in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. Due to limitations to current chemotherapy, there is an urgent need for the development of new, safe, cheap and effective drugs. In the present study, the leaf of  Dovyalis abyssinica  was tested for its  in vivo  antitrypanosomal activity against  Trypanosoma congolense  field isolate on mice.    Methods  The leaf of  D. abyssinica  was macerated using dichloromethane and methanol. The extracts at doses of 250, 200, 150 and 100 mg/kg body weight were administered intraperitonealy daily for 7 days to mice infected with  T. congolense . Following administration, parasitemia, packed cell volume, rectal temperature, body weight and survival time were monitored.    Results  Administration of dichloromethane and methanol extracts at 250 and 200 mg/kg reduced ( p  < 0.05) parasitemia and rectal temperature, and improved ( p  < 0.05) PCV, mean body weight, and mean survival time compared to dimethylsulfoxide treatment.    Conclusion  Crude dichloromethane and methanol leaf extracts of  D. abyssinica  displayed anti-trypanosomal activity that may serve as lead for the development of effective alternative antitrypanosomal drugs.

bmc complementary and alternative medicine

In Vivo anti-trypanosomal activity of dichloromethane and methanol crude leaf extracts of Dovyalis abyssinica (Salicaceae) against Trypanosoma congolense