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Background This study aimed to explore the associations of thyroid hormones with body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods In January 2017, a cross sectional study, 66 male patients with T2DM who met the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria of 1999 who were ≥ 18.0 years and had normal thyroid function were recruited at a tertiary hospital. The categories of thyroid hormones (free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], and thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) were divided into three groups according to tertiles of thyroid hormones. Results The mean FT3, FT4, and TSH of the patients were 2.56 pg/mL, 1.03 ng/dL, and 1.50 μIU/mL, respectively. Increased FT3 were associated with higher body mass index (BMI) ( P  &lt;  0.001), body fat percentage (BFP) ( P  = 0.008), visceral fat content (VFC) ( P  = 0.019), adiponectin ( P  = 0.037), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) ( P  &lt;  0.001), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) ( P  = 0.015). There were significant differences among the different FT4 categories for BMI ( P  = 0.033), waist–hip ratio (WHR) ( P  = 0.030), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( P  = 0.014), and IL-6 ( P  = 0.009). Increased TSH could increase the total cholesterol (TC) ( P  = 0.005) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( P  = 0.010). FT3 was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.45;  P  &lt;  0.001), WHR ( r  = 0.27;  P  = 0.028), BFP ( r  = 0.33;  P  = 0.007), VFC ( r  = 0.30;  P  = 0.014), adiponectin (r = 0.25;  P  = 0.045), TNF-α ( r  = 0.47;  P  &lt;  0.001), and IL-6 ( r  = 0.32;  P  = 0.008). FT4 was positively correlated with HDL-C ( r  = 0.26;  P  = 0.038), LDL-C ( r  = 0.26;  P  = 0.036), and adiponectin ( r  = 0.28;  P  = 0.023). TSH was positively correlated with TC ( r  = 0.36;  P  = 0.003). Conclusion This study found that the changes in thyroid hormones are associated with various body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with T2DM.

bmc endocrine disorders

Association of thyroid hormone with body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study