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Background  Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing  Escherichia coli  are responsible for severe infections worldwide. Whereas their genotypic and pathogenic characteristics are not documented in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), recent studies conducted at the Bukavu General Hospital in the South Kivu province highlighted their high prevalence in extra-intestinal infections. Here we provide data on molecular characterization of ESBL producing- Escherichia coli  isolates from patients with extra-intestinal infections at this provincial hospital.    Methods  Whole-genome sequencing was carried out on 21 of these ESBL-producing Extra-intestinal Pathogenic  Escherichia coli  (ExPEC) for analysis of phylogenomic evolution, virulence factor and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Data were compared to phylogenetically close genomes using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-based phylogenetic approaches.    Results  The distribution of  E. coli  sequence types (ST) was as follows: ST 131 ( n  = 7), ST405 ( n  = 4), ST410 ( n  = 2), and other STs (ST10, ST58, ST95, ST393, ST443, S617, ST648, and ST2450). All ST131 belonged to the O25b-ST131 pandemic clone. Unexpectedly, they harbored more virulence genes than their GenBank counterparts. IncF plasmid replicons included novel FIB 69, FII 105 and FII 107 alleles. ESBL-genes included the plasmid-mediated CTX-M-15 in all isolates, and the SHV-12 allele. Other AMR genes included blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1, as well as genes encoding resistance against aminoglycosides, quinolones, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, tetracyclines, sulfonamides and trimethoprim.    Conclusion  Current data confirm the clonal spread of ESBL-producing ST131 and ST405 clones in patients from South Kivu, and the acquisition of resistance and virulence genes. A closer survey of AMR and virulence should therefore be prompted in this high-risk area.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-3763-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc infectious diseases

Whole-genome sequences of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in South-Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo: characterization of phylogenomic changes, virulence and resistance genes