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Background  Sec18p/N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) is a conserved eukaryotic ATPase, which primarily functions in vesicle membrane fusion from yeast to human. However, the function of the  OsSec18  gene, a homologue of NSF in rice, remains unknown.    Results  In the present study, we investigated the function of  OsSec18  in rice and found that  OsSec18  complements the temperature-sensitive phenotype and interferes with vacuolar morphogenesis in yeast. Overexpression of  OsSec18  in rice decreased the plant height and 1000-grain weight and altered the morphology of the protein bodies. Further examination revealed that OsSec18 presented as a 290-kDa complex in rice endosperm cells. Moreover, Os60sP0 was identified a component of this complex, demonstrating that the OsSec18 complex contains another complex of P0(P1-P2) 2  in rice endosperm cells. Furthermore, we determined that the N-terminus of OsSec18 can interact with the N- and C-termini of Os60sP0, whereas the C-terminus of OsSec18 can only interact with the C-terminus of Os60sP0.    Conclusion  Our results revealed that the OsSec18 regulates vacuolar morphology in both yeast and rice endosperm cell and the OsSec18 interacts with P0(P1-P2) 2  complex in rice endosperm cell.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0324-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The OsSec18 complex interacts with P0(P1-P2)2 to regulate vacuolar morphology in rice endosperm cell