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Background  The proteins Sm1 and Sm2 from the biocontrol fungus  Trichoderma virens  belong to the cerato-platanin protein family. Members of this family are small, secreted proteins that are abundantly produced by filamentous fungi with all types of life-styles. Some species of the fungal genus  Trichoderma  are considered as biocontrol fungi because they are mycoparasites and are also able to directly interact with plants, thereby stimulating plant defense responses. It was previously shown that the cerato-platanin protein Sm1 from  T. virens  - and to a lesser extent its homologue Epl1 from  Trichoderma atroviride  - induce plant defense responses. The plant protection potential of other members of the cerato-platanin protein family in  Trichoderma , however, has not yet been investigated.    Results  In order to analyze the function of the cerato-platanin protein Sm2,  sm1  and  sm2  knockout strains were generated and characterized. The effect of the lack of Sm1 and Sm2 in  T. virens  on inducing systemic resistance in maize seedlings, challenged with the plant pathogen  Cochliobolus heterostrophus , was tested. These plant experiments were also performed with  T. atroviride epl1  and  epl2  knockout strains. In our plant-pathogen system  T. virens  was a more effective plant protectant than  T. atroviride  and the results with both  Trichoderma  species showed concordantly that the level of plant protection was more strongly reduced in plants treated with the  sm2/epl2  knockout strains than with  sm1/epl1  knockout strains.    Conclusions  Although the cerato-platanin genes  sm1/epl1  are more abundantly expressed than  sm2/epl2  during fungal growth, Sm2/Epl2 are, interestingly, more important than Sm1/Epl1 for the promotion of plant protection conferred by  Trichoderma  in the maize- C. heterostrophus  pathosystem.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0333-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

bmc microbiology

Sm2, a paralog of the Trichoderma cerato-platanin elicitor Sm1, is also highly important for plant protection conferred by the fungal-root interaction of Trichoderma with maize