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Background  Risk for infections from  Legionella pneumophila  for immunocompromised individuals increases greatly when this species is present within the biofilm of the water distribution systems of hospitals or other health facilities. Multiplication and persistence of  Legionella  may dependent also upon planktonic growth in alternative to sessile growth. Here we compared the persistence of  L. pneumophila  serogroup 1 in experimental planktonic co-cultures subsided with iron,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  and other non Legionella bacteria (quantified as Heterotrophic Plate Count, HPC at 37°C), isolated from drinking water sources of a large hospital.    Results  Concentrations of  L. pneumophila  showed a decreasing pattern with incubation time in all co-cultures, the degree of reduction depending on the experimental treatment. In co-cultures with added  P. aeruginosa , no  L. pneumophila  was detectable already after 4 days of incubation. In contrast in co-cultures without  P. aeruginosa , HPC but not iron were significant factors in explaining the pattern of  L. pneumophila , although the HPC effect was different according to the incubation time (HPC x time interaction, p < 0.01).    Conclusions  Our results highlight the need of controlling for both HPC and metal constituents of the water systems of buildings used by individuals at particular risk to the effects of  Legionella  exposure.

Factors influencing persistence of Legionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 in laboratory cocultures