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Background   Rhodococcus equi  is an important pulmonary pathogen in foals and in immunocompromised individuals. Virulent  R. equi  strains carry an 80-90 kb virulence plasmid that expresses the virulence-associated protein A (VapA). VapA expression is regulated by temperature and pH. The LysR-type transcriptional regulator, VirR, is involved in the regulation of the  vapA  gene. To examine the mechanism underlying transcriptional regulation of  vapA , we characterized an  R. equi  mutant in which another putative transcriptional regulator encoded on the virulence plasmid, VirS, was deleted.    Results  Deletion of  virS  reduced  vapA promoter activity  to non-inducible levels. Complementary expression of VirS in the  virS  deletion mutant restored transcription at the P  vapA   promoter, even under non-inducing conditions (30°C and pH 8.0). In addition, VirS expression increased P  vapA   promoter activity in the absence of functional VirR. Further, transcription of the  icgA  operon containing  virS  was regulated by pH and temperature in the same manner as  vapA .    Conclusions  This study suggests that VirS is required for VapA expression and that regulation of P  vapA  -promoter activity may be achieved by controlling VirS expression levels.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0243-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

VirS, an OmpR/PhoB subfamily response regulator, is required for activation of vapA gene expression in Rhodococcus equi