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Background   Agrobacterium tumefaciens  strain P4 is atypical, as the strain is not pathogenic and produces a for this species unusual quorum sensing signal, identified as  N -(3-hydroxy-octanoyl)-homoserine lactone (3OH,C8-HSL).    Results  By sequence analysis and cloning, a functional  luxI -like gene, named  cinI , has been identified on the At plasmid of  A. tumefaciens  strain P4. Insertion mutagenesis in the  cinI  gene and transcriptome analyses permitted the identification of 32  cinI -regulated genes in this strain, most of them encoding proteins responsible for the conjugative transfer of pAtP4. Among these genes were the  avhB  genes that encode a type 4 secretion system (T4SS) involved in the formation of the conjugation apparatus, the  tra  genes that encode the DNA transfer and replication (Dtr) machinery and  cinI  and two  luxR  orthologs. These last two genes,  cinR  and  cinX , exhibit an unusual organization, with the  cinI  gene surrounded by the two  luxR  orthologs. Conjugation experiments confirmed that the conjugative transfer of pAtP4 is regulated by 3OH,C8-HSL. Root colonization experiments indicated that the quorum sensing regulation of the conjugation of the pAtP4 does not confer a gain or a loss of fitness to the bacterial host in the tomato plant rhizosphere.    Conclusion  This work is the first identification of the occurrence of a quorum sensing regulation of the pAt conjugation phenomenon in  Agrobacterium .    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3007-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Transcriptome analysis revealed that a quorum sensing system regulates the transfer of the pAt megaplasmid in Agrobacterium tumefaciens