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The present study has evaluated the association of growth differentiation factor9 ( GDF9 ) and bone morphogenetic protein15 ( BMP15 ) mRNA expression in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) of buffalo ovary during  in vitro  maturation (IVM).  GDF9  and  BMP15  are expressed specifically in mammalian oocytes and also participate in cumulus-oocyte crosstalk. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique was applied to investigate the relative abundance (RA) of  GDF9  and  BMP15  mRNA transcripts throughout the IVM process. Relative mRNA expression pattern of these specific genes were assessed in oocytes and cumulus cells at 0, 6, 12 and 24 h of  in vitro  culture. Our results revealed that RA of  GDF9  during different hours of IVM showed significant reduction between 0 h and 24 h of maturation in oocytes and  BMP15  transcript increased significantly (P<0.05) between 6 h and 12 h and decreased again between 12 h and 24. In cumulus cells,  GDF9  remained stable during IVM upto 12 h of maturation and decreased significantly between 12 h and 24 h of maturation. Conversely, significant reduction of  BMP15  was observed between 0 h and 6 h, stayed stable upto 12 h and became undetectable at 24 h of maturation. In conclusion, these two genes were differentially expressed during the period of oocyte maturation process and notably,  BMP15  expression pattern is associated specifically with the period of cumulus cell expansion.

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Differential expression dynamics of Growth differentiation factor9 (GDF9) and Bone morphogenetic factor15 (BMP15) mRNA transcripts during in vitro maturation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) cumulus–oocyte complexes