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Background  The sorting nexin (SNX) family is involved in endocytosis and protein trafficking and plays multiple roles in various diseases. The role of SNX proteins in Kawasaki disease (KD) is not known. We attempted to test whether genetic  SNX  variation associates with the risk of coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) formation in KD.    Methods and results  Chi-square tests were used to identify  SNX24  genetic variants associated with KD susceptibility and CAA formation in KD; models were adjusted for fever duration and time of first administration of intravenous immunoglobulin. We obtained clinical characteristics and genotypes from KD patients (76 with CAA and 186 without CAA) in a population-based retrospective KD cohort study (n = 262). Clinical and genetic factors were associated with CAA formation in KD. In addition, endothelial cell inflammation was evaluated. Significant correlation was observed between KD with CAA complications and the rs28891 single-nucleotide polymorphism in  SNX24 . Patients with CC + CT genotypes had lesser CAA complications. In lipopolysaccharide-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells, siRNA knockdown of  SNX24  significantly decreased gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8.    Conclusions  Polymorphisms in  SNX24  may be used as genetic markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of CAA formation in KD.

Sorting nexin 24 genetic variation associates with coronary artery aneurysm severity in Kawasaki disease patients