English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  Annelids and arthropods each possess a segmented body. Whether this similarity represents an evolutionary convergence or inheritance from a common segmented ancestor is the subject of ongoing investigation.    Methods  To investigate whether annelids and arthropods share molecular components that control segmentation, we isolated orthologs of the  Drosophila melanogaster  pair-rule genes,  runt ,  paired  ( Pax3/7 ) and  eve , from the polychaete annelid  Capitella teleta  and used whole mount  in situ  hybridization to characterize their expression patterns.    Results  When segments first appear, expression of the single  C. teleta runt  ortholog is only detected in the brain. Later,  Ct-runt  is expressed in the ventral nerve cord, foregut and hindgut. Analysis of  Pax  genes in the  C. teleta  genome reveals the presence of a single  Pax3/7  ortholog.  Ct-Pax3/7  is initially detected in the mid-body prior to segmentation, but is restricted to two longitudinal bands in the ventral ectoderm. Each of the two  C. teleta eve  orthologs has a unique and complex expression pattern, although there is partial overlap in several tissues. Prior to and during segment formation,  Ct-eve1  and  Ct-eve2  are both expressed in the bilaterial pair of mesoteloblasts, while  Ct-eve1  is expressed in the descendant mesodermal band cells. At later stages,  Ct-eve2  is expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system, and in mesoderm along the dorsal midline. In late stage larvae and adults,  Ct-eve1  and  Ct-eve2  are expressed in the posterior growth zone.    Conclusions   C. teleta eve, Pax3/7  and  runt  homologs all have distinct expression patterns and share expression domains with homologs from other bilaterians. None of the pair-rule orthologs examined in  C. teleta  exhibit segmental or pair-rule stripes of expression in the ectoderm or mesoderm, consistent with an independent origin of segmentation between annelids and arthropods.

evodevo

Expression of the pair-rule gene homologs runt, Pax3/7, even-skipped-1 and even-skipped-2 during larval and juvenile development of the polychaete annelid Capitella teleta does not support a role in segmentation