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Background  Myosin II-dependent contraction of the cytokinetic ring and primary septum formation by chitin synthase II are interdependent processes during cytokinesis in  Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Hence, null mutants of myosin II  (myo1 Δ )  and chitin synthase II  (chs2 Δ )  share multiple morphological and molecular phenotypes. To understand the nature of their interdependent functions, we will seek to identify genes undergoing transcriptional regulation in  chs2 Δ strains and to establish a transcription signature profile for comparison with  myo1 Δ strains.    Results  A total of 467 genes were commonly regulated between  myo1Δ  and  chs2Δ  mutant strains (p ≤ 0.01). Common regulated biological process categories identified by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) in both gene expression profiles were: protein biosynthesis, RNA processing, and stress response. Expression of 17/20 genes in the main transcriptional fingerprint for cell wall stress was confirmed in the  chs2Δ  strain versus 5/20 for the  myo1Δ  strain. One of these genes,  SLT2/MPK1 , was up-regulated in both strains and both strains accumulated the hyperphosphorylated form of Slt2p thereby confirming that the  PKC1  cell wall integrity pathway (CWIP) was activated by both mutations. The  SLT2/MPK1  gene, essential for  myo1Δ  strains, was not required in the  chs2Δ  strain.    Conclusion  Comparison of the  chs2Δ  and  myo1 Δ gene expression profiles revealed similarities in the biological process categories that respond to the  chs2Δ  and  myo1 Δ gene mutations. This supports the view that these mutations affect a common function in cytokinesis. Despite their similarities, these mutants exhibited significant differences in expression of the main transcriptional fingerprint for cell wall stress and their requirement of the CWIP for survival.

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Differential gene expression signatures for cell wall integrity found in chitin synthase II (chs2Δ) and myosin II (myo1Δ) deficient cytokinesis mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae