English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  Natural variation in protein output from translation in bacteria and archaea may be an organism-specific property of the ribosome. This paper adopts a systems approach to model the protein output as a measure of specific ribosome reactive properties in a ribosome-mediated translation apparatus. We use the steady-state assumption to define a transition state complex for the ribosome, coupled with mRNA, tRNA, amino acids and reaction factors, as a subsystem that allows a focus on the completed translational output as a measure of specific properties of the ribosome.    Results  In analogy to the steady-state reaction of an enzyme complex, we propose a steady-state translation complex for mRNA from any gene, and derive a maximum specific translation activity,  T   a (max) , as a property of the ribosomal reaction complex.  T   a (max)  has units of  a -protein output per time per  a -specific mRNA. A related property of the ribosome,T  ˜    a  (  max  ⁡  ), has units of  a -protein per time per total RNA with the relationshipT  ˜    a  (  max  ⁡  )=  ρ   a    T   a (max) , where  ρ   a   represents the fraction of total RNA committed to translation output of  P   a   from gene  a  message.  T   a (max)  as a ribosome property is analogous to  k  cat  for a purified enzyme, andT  ˜    a  (  max  ⁡  )is analogous to enzyme specific activity in a crude extract.    Conclusion  Analogy to an enzyme reaction complex led us to a ribosome reaction model for measuring specific translation activity of a bacterial ribosome. We propose to use this model to design experimental tests of our hypothesis that specific translation activity is a ribosomal property that is subject to natural variation and natural selection much like  V  max  and  K  m  for any specific enzyme.

A systems approach to model natural variation in reactive properties of bacterial ribosomes