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Background  In recent years, the protozoan  Tritrichomonas foetus  has been recognised as an important cause of chronic large-bowel diarrhoea in purebred cats in many countries, including Norway. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the proportion of animals with  T. foetus  infection among clinically healthy cats in Norway and to assess different risk factors for  T. foetus  infection, such as age, sex, former history of gastrointestinal symptoms and concurrent infections with  Giardia duodenalis  and  Cryptosporidium  sp.    Methods  The sample population consisted of 52 cats participating in three cat shows in Norway in 2009. Samples were examined for motile  T. foetus  by microscopy, after culturing and for  T. foetus -DNA by species-specific nested PCR, as well as for  Giardia  cysts and  Cryptosporidium  oocysts by immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT).    Results  By PCR,  T. foetus -DNA was demonstrated in the faeces of 11 (21%) of the 52 cats tested. DNA-sequencing of five positive samples yielded 100% identity with previous isolates of  T. foetus  from cats. Only one sample was positive for  T. foetus  by microscopy. By IFAT, four samples were positive for  Giardia  cysts and one for  Cryptosporidium  oocysts, none of which was co-infected with T. foetus. No significant associations were found between the presence of  T. foetus  and the various risk factors examined.    Conclusions   T. foetus  was found to be a common parasite in clinically healthy cats in Norway.

A cross-sectional study of Tritrichomonas foetus infection among healthy cats at shows in Norway