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Background  A series of preliminary research projects on plants used in Calabria (Southern Italy) in veterinary science and in other ethno-botanical fields (minor nourishment, domestic and handicraft sector) was carried out in the last twenty years. From the ethno-botanical point of view, Calabria is one of the most interesting region, since in the ancient times it was subject to the dominant cultures of several people (Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Normans etc.). Until some decades ago the road network was poorly developed and villages were isolated, so that the culture of the "subsistence" and some archaic customs were kept.    Methods  Data were collected by means of "open" interviews to farmers, shepherds and housewives in the last twenty years. More than 100 informants were interviewed, mostly over 50 years old. Plants were identified by local informants through gathering in the area or through examination of the fresh plants collected by the researchers. The collected data were compared with pharmacobotanical papers mainly of southern Italy and with other studies, in order to highlight novelties or concordances of uses.    Results  The use of 62 taxa distributed into 34 families are described. Among these, 8 are or were employed in veterinary science, 8 as anti-parasitic agents, 19 in minor nourishment, 5 as seasoning, 38 for other uses. Some toxic species for cattle are also mentioned.    Conclusion  Among the major findings: the use of  Helleborus bocconei  for bronchitis of bovines and of  Scrophularia canina  for lameness in veterinary science;  Nerium oleander  and  Urginea maritima  as anti-parasitic agents;  Epilobium angustifolium, Centaurea napifolia  L. and  C. sphaerocephala  L. in minor nourishment.

Contribution to the knowledge of the veterinary science and of the ethnobotany in Calabria region (Southern Italy)